Telangana, with a population of approximately 35 Mn, boasts a favorable demographic profile characterised by a high sex ratio of 988 and an urbanisation rate of 38.88% as per Census 2011. The state’s workforce is young, urbanising, and economically active. According to the Periodic Labour Force Survey 2022–23, Telangana recorded a labour force participation rate (LFPR) of 66.5% among individuals aged 15–59 years, significantly above the national average of 61.6%. The worker population ratio (WPR) for the same age group stood at 63.4%, indicating a strong presence of actively engaged individuals in productive employment. This demographic dividend positions Telangana as a strategic hub for industrial investment, services, and innovation-driven sectors.

Telangana has made significant strides in strengthening its healthcare ecosystem through targeted public investment and medical infrastructure expansion. The state has achieved notable improvements in health indicators, with the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) at 43 and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) at 21, both better than the national averages. As of 2024, Telangana houses 41 medical colleges (government and private) offering 6,615 MBBS and 2,501 postgraduate seats, reflecting the state's commitment to building a skilled medical workforce. 

Furthermore, Hyderabad contributes nearly 40% of India’s pharmaceutical production, making the state a critical hub for both healthcare delivery and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The integration of education, infrastructure, and industry reinforces Telangana’s position as a leading state in India’s healthcare landscape.

Telangana has a literacy rate of 73.4%. The state features 41,369 schools, 1,002 residential educational institutions for marginalised communities, 2,963 junior colleges with 948,321 students, 1,073 degree colleges with 3,84,021 students, and 1,327 professional colleges with 2,23,427 enrolments in 2022-23.

Telangana has 388 engineering colleges in Telangana offering B.Tech courses, with 32 government institutions and 202 private institutions in Hyderabad alone.  The state achieved notable IT and ITeS exports totalling INR 2,41,275 Cr in 2022-23, bolstered by the second ICT Policy.

Telangana has emerged as a significant hub for electronics manufacturing in India. As of January 2025, the state is home to approximately 260 electronics companies, marking a 3.97% increase from 2023.
In terms of economic contribution, Telangana's electronics manufacturing sector accounts for  approximately 13% of the state's Industrial Gross Value Added (GVA).  Telangana's innovation ecosystem includes 78 incubators, accelerators, and co-working spaces, with key entities such as T-Hub, Research and Innovation Circle of Hyderabad, Women Entrepreneurs Hub, Telangana State Innovation Cell, and T-Works playing pivotal roles.

The state has implemented robust policies supporting blockchain, robotics, AI, drones, and space technology, aimed at fostering adoption and development across these sectors. These initiatives collectively support startups, corporations, and stakeholders, driving innovation in Telangana's dynamic ecosystem.

Telangana has significantly enhanced its transportation infrastructure in recent years. The state's Roads and Buildings Department currently maintains approximately 32,445 kilometers of roads, comprising 27,461 kilometers of State Highways and 4,983 kilometers of National Highways. The Hyderabad Metro Rail is undergoing a substantial expansion, with the proposed 36.8-kilometer Nagole-Shamshabad RGIA (Airport Corridor) set to improve urban mobility. Additionally, the Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA) in Hyderabad continues to enhance connectivity, serving numerous domestic and international destinations.

Telangana has enhanced its infrastructure with projects like the Mangalpally Logistics Park, a 22-acre facility near the Outer Ring Road offering truck parking, warehousing, and cold storage. The T-Fiber Grid aims to deliver high-speed broadband to over 83 lakh households across 33 districts. Additionally, the Outer Ring Road (ORR) and planned Regional Ring Road (RRR) improve connectivity and support economic growth.

Telangana has made significant strides in renewable energy and sustainable initiatives. As of September 2023, the state's installed renewable electricity capacity was dominated by solar power at approximately 4,700 megawatts (MW), with additional contributions from bio power, wind power, and small hydropower collectively accounting for ~440 MW.

The state continues to implement the Telangana Electric Vehicle and Energy Storage Policy 2020–2030, aiming to establish Telangana as a preferred destination for electric vehicle manufacturing and adoption. Notably, the policy offers a 100% exemption from road tax and registration fees for electric vehicles for two years, effective from November 2024. Companies like Suzlon and Greenko have invested in the state's renewable energy sector, supported by proactive efforts from the Telangana State Renewable Energy Development Corporation Limited (TSREDCO).