Nearly 17% of India's population lives in Uttar Pradesh. The population of UP, according to the 2011 Census, was 199,812,341, out of which the male and female populations were 104,481 and 95,332, with a population density of 829. The sex ratio of the state was 912 females per 1,000 males.

The worker population ratio in Uttar Pradesh for 2022–23 was 53.9%. The literacy rate as per the census of 2011 stood at 67.7%, with male and female literacy at 77.3% and 57.2%, respectively.

Under the Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission, Uttar Pradesh is establishing 1,670 building-less sub-health centres, 674 urban health and wellness centres, 515 block public health units, 75 integrated public health labs, and 62 critical care hospital blocks with a total financial outlay of INR 4,965 Cr. Under the Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana, two All India Institutes of Medical Sciences have been established at Raebareli and Gorakhpur.

Under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme, the establishment of 27 new medical colleges attached to existing district/referral hospitals has been approved for Uttar Pradesh to date based on cost sharing in the ratio of 60:40 between the centre and state.

As per the survey of medical device clusters, Uttar Pradesh has the highest number of medical device clusters in the country.

Uttar Pradesh's literacy rate, according to the 2011 Census, was 67.7%, out of which the male literacy rate stood at 77.3% and the female literacy rate at 57.2%. The state ranks among the top six states in terms of student enrollment, and it is one of the eight states in India with a total of 3,360 colleges. The state boasts a college density of 40, making it one of the highest in India, and it also boasts 84 universities, the second highest in the country.

As per the Economic Survey 2022-23, the gross enrolment ratio of Uttar Pradesh for elementary school is 98.1%, for secondary schools is 69.3%, for senior secondary schools is 81.5%, and for higher education is 50.7%.

Uttar Pradesh currently has operational software technology parks at Noida, Meerut, Lucknow, Kanpur, and Prayagraj. HCL, in collaboration with the state government, has developed a dedicated IT city on 100 acres for operations and skill development activities. With Noida and Greater Noida leading the IT and ITeS industry in the state, the state government is developing Tier II and Tier III cities as IT hubs so that these cities can also be integrated into the main development stream.
 

The state has established itself as a state of expressways, with six active and seven under-construction expressways in India. It boasts the longest road network of over 248,548 miles and a railway network of over 10,000 miles in India. It will soon be the only state to have five international airports, and the largest airport in the country is coming up in Jewar.  

It also has the country's first inland waterway and first multimodal terminal. The state has one of the two defence corridors in the country and has $6.11 Bn of investment potential.

Uttar Pradesh has a total renewable energy capacity of 6,105.45 MW, comprising 49.10 MW of small hydropower, 2,265.89 MW of bio-power, 3,288.86 MW of solar power, and 501.60 MW of large hydropower.

The state has a total power generation capacity of 5,347.16 MUs (Mn Units), which includes 2,966.98 Mu from solar, 24.39 Mu from biomass, 1,486.24 MU from bagasse, 126.03 MU from small hydro, 666.83 Mu from large hydro (excluding imports from Bhutan), and 76.69 Mus from others.

Uttar Pradesh has also witnessed the adoption of EVs; as per the data released by the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, the total number of EVs, as of August 2023, is 574,967.